The ethical challenge facing the leader

Opening up the anxiety that the leader carries on behalf of the organisation is opening up second order/systemic/‘Kierkegaard’ anxiety … This is Kierkegaard’s ‘concept of anxiety’ (Princeton University Press, 1980), in which freedom appears before…

The challenge to leadership

The individual can use a role as a defence against anxiety (Isabel Menzies Lyth 1988, “The Functioning of Social Systems as a Defence against Anxiety”, in Containing Anxiety in Institutions, Free Associations, London). For example,…